Abstract

One of the key ways to sustain network life in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by Clustering. It involves grouping of sensor nodes into clusters and electing cluster heads (CHs) for all the clusters. A Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed Clustering to Prolonging network lifetime by distributing energy consumption. To obtain it, we add a small slot in a round frame, which is enables to exchange the remaining energy messages between the base station (BS), cluster heads, and nodes. Results have taken some parameters like throughput, Packet end-to-end delay, network load are to be taken. As for the fault tolerance or communication security, it may be easier to scale a solution to a cluster rather than to the whole network. Regarding energy consumption, it is far less consuming if each “normal” node sends data to the “closest” CH rather than emitting directly to the BS. The proposed algorithm used to implement different simulation results revealed that the HEED protocol achieves the best energy management, higher network lifetime and longest life span and implement the security as a result of a better load balancing model implemented by the protocol resulting from multi-hopping routing and better spreading of cluster heads around the network.

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