Abstract

The scarcity of groundwater increases day by day due to rapid population, urbanization, industrial and agricultural related activities and natural calamities. Lack of water supply is the main reason for seasonal farming that relies mainly on rain. Groundwater is more advantageous than the surface water. For identifying the groundwater potential in the hard rock terrain, the main target is fractured zone. The use of geophysics for engineering studies and groundwater exploration has increased over the last few years due to the rapid advances in computer softwares and associated numerical modeling solutions. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method is the detection of the surface effects produced by the flow of electric current inside the earth. In most geological conditions, button bits wear will occur under certain loads and temperatures just as one result of a complex tribological system. The life of a button bit in bore well drilling depends mainly on hardness of rock. As the hardness varies at different locations, the reliability of the button bit also varies accordingly. In order to arrive at the reliability, the life of the button bit in terms of working hours of drilling has to be obtained. This can be obtained after the replacement of the button bit. The button bit reliability can be arrived from the obtained failure rate

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