Abstract

The carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture and utilization (CCU) terms incorporate the variety of the technologies that can be used to reduce the emission of the carbon dioxide (CO2) in to the atmosphere from various industries. The power production sector has given a warm welcome to the CCS technologies by incorporating them in the production of the electricity with least possible emission of CO2. These technologies involve three step actions, as first step is to capture the CO2 from the emission sources, second step engage the transportation of the captured CO2 and third and crucial step tackles with the secure storage of that CO2 in case of CCS and the appropriate utilization of CO2 in case of the CCU. The CCS technologies available in current time are capable to reduce the emission of CO2 in to the atmosphere up to 95%. Though the CCS methods have been used in several industries for more than half a century they are not fully developed and are not economic in some cases. In all available technologies of carbon capture, oxy-fuel combustion technology has the highest efficiency which is too close to 100%. Deep saline rocks have shown the maximum capacity of storing the CO2 in all the manmade reservoirs for the carbon storage. The CCU method has not appeared as the very viable method for the reduction of the CO2 emission, but has very crucial and important role-play in this procedure. Various CO2 consuming industries have looked in to this option for the source of the CO2 as either reactant or feedstock. The transportation of captured CO2 for both CCS and CCU is the key element in terms of the economy and accessibility for the use for the enhanced recoveries of oil, gas and coal bed methane or any other industrial applications. Many governments have started making agendas for the infrastructure for the transportation of captured CO2

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